You will probably have to write something custom to do this. I would guess you would start with inotify/inotifywait.
But not finding how to lock files when opened...
The program editing the file has to lock it.
The application will report that it is unable to lock the file for writing, if the file is opened by someone else. Typically as an error. The user can then save the document with another name. And later manually merge changes.
Files are mostly written once and read many times on a NAS.
You may need to investigate some form of groupware or collaboration tools. CMS, OpenGroupware, NextCloud, Wiki or similar. Or simply use some form of version control software. Depends on what you are doing. It might also be possible to change the workflow so files only can be opened by whoever "owns" them for the moment, moving files around on the NAS to mimic the workflow.
One simple fix could be to simply stop always opening documents with editors when all that is needed is a document reader. And ONLY open documents with an editor when they must be changed/updated. There are plenty of for instance CAD and Office document readers that are very good for this.
There are also lots of specific software for specific businesses areas. Help desk, IT support, document management, workflow management, health care, purchasing, inventory control, production planning, sales support, shipping and much more. Some are free and open source, some closed and very expensive. And everything in between.
Difficult to suggest anything specific with limited information.
Some of this software may be possible to install on a OMV server as a container. Some may need a dedicated application server, perhaps in a VM. Some just install on clients.
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