why did Linus Torvald bother to integrate atomic Live Patching in the 5.1 kernel?
Live patching has been around longer than that. But since you ask, that is meant for critical systems that can't afford the downtime (think healthcare). It is also something setup and maintained by experienced Linux admins. Why do you think it is not enabled by default on any Linux distro? And unfortunately, it isn't as good as it sounds. Most of the speculative execution patches still require reboots. And while RedHat and Canonical offer decent support (not really free, five systems for Canonical if you have a home account) for this, you don't get that with Debian.