Disk crashed, how to swap to a new drive (UnionFS)?

joq3 · 22. September 2021

One day I noticed that a lot of my media-files were gone. And when checking the SMART, I can see that one drive has got a red SMART-light. This is the self-test:

Code

smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-0.bpo.9-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Green
Device Model:     WDC WD20EZRX-00D8PB0
Serial Number:    WD-WMC4M2572717
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 05914e2ef
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity:    2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Wed Sep 22 09:23:19 2021 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is:   Unavailable
APM feature is:   Unavailable
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is:   Enabled
ATA Security is:  Disabled, frozen [SEC2]
Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x84)    Offline data collection activity
                    was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      ( 121)    The previous self-test completed having
                    the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:         (26400) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:              (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003)    Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01)    Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:      (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:      ( 266) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:      (   5) minutes.
SCT capabilities:            (0x7035)    SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAGS    VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     POSR-K   200   200   051    -    1147
  3 Spin_Up_Time            POS--K   174   169   021    -    4300
  4 Start_Stop_Count        -O--CK   100   100   000    -    342
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   PO--CK   200   200   140    -    0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         -OSR-K   200   200   000    -    0
  9 Power_On_Hours          -O--CK   034   034   000    -    48257
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        -O--CK   100   100   000    -    0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK   100   100   000    -    0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       -O--CK   100   100   000    -    342
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK   200   200   000    -    209
193 Load_Cycle_Count        -O--CK   162   162   000    -    114012
194 Temperature_Celsius     -O---K   110   092   000    -    37
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  -O--CK   200   200   000    -    50
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   ----CK   200   200   000    -    0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   ---R--   197   151   000    -    1560
                            ||||||_ K auto-keep
                            |||||__ C event count
                            ||||___ R error rate
                            |||____ S speed/performance
                            ||_____ O updated online
                            |______ P prefailure warning

General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART           Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address    Access  R/W   Size  Description
0x00       GPL,SL  R/O      1  Log Directory
0x01           SL  R/O      1  Summary SMART error log
0x02           SL  R/O      5  Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03       GPL     R/O      6  Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x06           SL  R/O      1  SMART self-test log
0x07       GPL     R/O      1  Extended self-test log
0x09           SL  R/W      1  Selective self-test log
0x10       GPL     R/O      1  SATA NCQ Queued Error log
0x11       GPL     R/O      1  SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x80-0x9f  GPL,SL  R/W     16  Host vendor specific log
0xa0-0xa7  GPL,SL  VS      16  Device vendor specific log
0xa8-0xb7  GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xbd       GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xc0       GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xc1       GPL     VS      93  Device vendor specific log
0xe0       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Command/Status
0xe1       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Data Transfer

SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (6 sectors)
No Errors Logged

SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48257         3884189624
# 2  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48256         3884189626
# 3  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48255         3884189628
# 4  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48254         3884189630
# 5  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48253         3884189624
# 6  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48252         3884189626
# 7  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48251         3884189628
# 8  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48250         3884189630
# 9  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48249         3884189624
#10  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48248         3884189626
#11  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48247         3884189628
#12  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48246         3884189630
#13  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48245         3884189624
#14  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48244         3884189626
#15  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48243         3884189628
#16  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48242         3884189630
#17  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48241         3884189624
#18  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     48240         3884189626

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

SCT Status Version:                  3
SCT Version (vendor specific):       258 (0x0102)
SCT Support Level:                   1
Device State:                        Active (0)
Current Temperature:                    37 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature:     33/45 Celsius
Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature:     21/55 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count:   0/0
Vendor specific:
01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

SCT Temperature History Version:     2
Temperature Sampling Period:         1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval:        1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature:      0/60 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit:           -41/85 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index):    478 (286)

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TLDR, there is a read failure.

I guess some parts of the disk is unreadable.

When looking on my specific disk in the file browser I can see that there are still files available, and the disk is not empty.

I am using UnionFS, how do I swap this disk out and transfer the files that are good from the bad disk?

Thank you!

chente · 22. September 2021

Zitat von joq3

I am using UnionFS, how do I swap this disk out and transfer the files that are good from the bad disk?

If you are only using unionfs (not using snapraid), remove the damaged disk from unionfs, copy any data you can save to another disk, and add the new disk to unionfs. All of this can be done from the GUI with ease. Ask if you have doubts.

A word of advice, for a server you shouldn't use WD Green drives. They are desktop PC disks. For a server it is better to use server disks, prepared for intensive use 24/7. They will last longer and be more reliable. For example WD Red, or Seagate Ironwolf, or Toshiba N300, or ... and if you can avoid SMR-type disks, they better be CMR-type.

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