I had almost the same problem here, but in my case I had a phantom partition /dev/sda2, also supposedly mounted on / and shown as missing. Any attempt to either delete this from the GUI or to create another FS resulted in the GUI throwing errors every few minutes.
After reboot I got the message that my config had changed and did I want to save it. Clicking Save sent the GUI back into the tailspin of continuous errors. After another reboot I answered the Save? question by clicking Revert and I was back where I started.
After reading some other similar topics I edited /etc/openmediavault/config.xml. There I found and deleted the entry for this phantom FS and it disappeared. I can now create FSs again.
The problem started either after adding a disk with an existing FS, or after following the instructions for the flash media plugin to disable and remove the swap partition.
I'm putting this here in case somebody else with this problem stumbles across this topic.
Edit: I was praising the day too soon. The FS was created without errors, but all sizes are shown as n/a. Attempting to mount the new FS results first in:
Removing the directory '/' has been aborted, the resource is busy.
Followed every 10 secs by
<html><head><title>502 Bad Gateway</title></head><body bgcolor="white"><center><h1>502 Bad Gateway</h1></center><hr><center>nginx</center></body></html><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page --><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page --><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page --><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page --><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page --><!-- a padding to disable MSIE and Chrome friendly error page -->
Shortly after I Ok the 1st error OMV reboots without further messages. Upon logging in again I'm asked to save the changes, which I chose to revert.
How can I restore sanity?